Head Concussion Facts

A concussion is a form of traumatic brain injury that results from a jolt or impact to the head, causing the brain to move within the skull. This can happen due to a fall, collision, or any event that leads to a sudden, forceful movement of the head.

Concussion Symptoms

Often, there are no external signs of a concussion. The symptoms can vary widely in severity and may last anywhere from a few hours to several weeks or months. Common immediate symptoms include:

• Temporary loss of consciousness (though not always)
• Amnesia regarding the traumatic event
• Headache or pressure in the head
• Confusion or a foggy feeling
• Dizziness or visual disturbances such as “seeing stars”
• Ringing in the ears
• Nausea or vomiting
• Slurred speech
• Fatigue

Some symptoms can appear hours or days after the injury, such as:

• Difficulty concentrating or remembering things
• Irritability and mood changes
• Sensitivity to light and sound
• Sleep disturbances
• Psychological issues like depression
• Changes in taste and smell

When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention

Certain symptoms require urgent medical care, even if they appear after some time. These include:

• A worsening headache that doesn’t subside
• Weakness, numbness, or lack of coordination
• Repeated vomiting or nausea
• Slurred speech or difficulty waking up
• One pupil larger than the other
• Seizures or convulsions
• Increasing confusion, restlessness, or unusual behavior
• Inability to recognize familiar people or places
• Loss of consciousness, even if brief

In rare cases, severe or repeated concussions can lead to long-term complications such as movement difficulties, learning or speaking challenges, permanent brain damage, or a blood clot in the brain.